THE DUAL CHALLENGE: EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DYSLIPIDEMIA AND THYROID HORMONE IMBALANCE IN TYPE-II DIABETIC PATIENTS.

JPUMHS;2024:14:01,45-51. http://doi.org/10.46536/jpumhs/2024/14.01.493

Abstract

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major worldwide public health issue. The thyroid hormone,
including T3 and T4, controls how the body utilizes energy. It is also crucial in managing your weight, body
temperature, muscle strength, and mood. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional analysis encompassed 190
participants, utilizing a non-probability convenience sampling method to categorize them into three groups:
healthy individuals, those with thyroid disorders, and individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Recruitment occurred in the Medicine department of Jamshoro/Hyderabad, where participants were selected based
on a pre-designed form and provided both verbal and written informed consent. Data analysis involved the use of
ANOVA Post hoc (Tukey test) for group comparisons (P<0.05) and the Chi-square test for assessing frequency
data. RESULTS: Significant alterations were observed in the lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose, and HbA1c
levels across both genders when compared to the control group, with a notable difference (p<0.001). In a study
examining thyroid hormone levels, the differences in T3, T4, and TSH levels among normal healthy males, obese
individuals, and those with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) were found to be statistically significant.
Specifically, T3 levels were 1.44±0.44 nmol/l for healthy males compared to 1.46±0.49 and 1.54±0.39 nmol/l for
obese and T2DM subjects, respectively (P<0.05). T4 levels showed a similar pattern, with healthy males at
7.95±3.7 µg/dl versus obese and T2DM males at 9.6±4.4 µg/dl and 9.92±4.3 µg/dl, respectively (p<0.05).
Additionally, TSH levels were 3.67±1.10 mIU/l for the control group compared to 2.56±2.9 and 2.68±3.8 mIU/l
for the case groups, again showing significant difference (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study found that
cholesterol and LDL levels were adversely affected in individuals with T2DM and those with thyroid conditions.
However, no link was found between thyroid dysfunction and variations in insulin levels or blood sugar profiles.
It was determined that dyslipidaemia plays a role in the development of T2DM and thyroid issues.